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Sébastien Gouëzel’s Gromov-Hausdorff Space paper

Sébastien Gouëzel wrote a paper about the Gromov-Hausdorff space for the CICM 2021 conference on intelligent computer mathematics.

The Gromov-Hausdorff space is the space of all nonempty compact metric spaces up to isometry. It has been introduced by Gromov, and plays now an important role in branches of geometry and probability theory. Its intricate nature of a space of equivalence classes of spaces gives rise to interesting formalization questions, both from the point of view of the interface with the rest of the library and on design choices for definitions and proofs.

Section 1 gives a purely mathematical description of the Gromov-Hausdorff space and its salient features. Section 2 gives an overview of the formalization. The last three sections are devoted to specific interesting points that were raised during this formalization. More specifically, Section 3 discusses the possible choices of definition for the Gromov-Hausdorff space. Section 4 explains how preexisting gaps in the mathlib library had to be filled to show that the Gromov-Hausdorff distance is realized. Section 5 focuses on a particularly subtle inductive construction involved in the proof of the completeness of the Gromov-Hausdorff space, and the shortcomings of Lean 3 that had to be circumvented to formalize it