Kan extensions and Kan lifts in bicategories #
The left Kan extension of a 1-morphism g : a ⟶ c along a 1-morphism f : a ⟶ b is the initial
object in the category of left extensions LeftExtension f g. The universal property can be
accessed by the following definition and lemmas:
LeftExtension.IsKan.desc: the family of 2-morphisms out of the left Kan extension.LeftExtension.IsKan.fac: the unit of any left extension factors through the left Kan extension.LeftExtension.IsKan.hom_ext: two 2-morphisms out of the left Kan extension are equal if their compositions with each unit are equal.
We also define left Kan lifts, right Kan extensions, and right Kan lifts.
Implementation Notes #
We use the Is-Has design pattern, which is used for the implementation of limits and colimits in
the category theory library. This means that IsKan t is a structure containing the data of
2-morphisms which ensure that t is a Kan extension, while HasLeftKanExtension f g
(and similarly for lifts) defined in CategoryTheory.Bicategory.Kan.HasKan
is a Prop-valued typeclass asserting that a Kan extension of g along f exists.
We define LeftExtension.IsKan t for an extension t : LeftExtension f g (which is an
abbreviation of t : StructuredArrow g (precomp _ f)) to be an abbreviation for
StructuredArrow.IsUniversal t. This means that we can use the definitions and lemmas living
in the namespace StructuredArrow.IsUniversal.
References #
https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/Kan+extension
A left Kan extension of g along f is an initial object in LeftExtension f g.
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An absolute left Kan extension is a Kan extension that commutes with any 1-morphism.
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To show that a left extension t is a Kan extension, we need to show that for every left
extension s there is a unique morphism t ⟶ s.
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The family of 2-morphisms out of a left Kan extension.
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Two 2-morphisms out of a left Kan extension are equal if their compositions with each triangle 2-morphism are equal.
Kan extensions on g along f are unique up to isomorphism.
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Transport evidence that a left extension is a Kan extension across an isomorphism of extensions.
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If t : LeftExtension f (g ≫ 𝟙 c) is a Kan extension, then t.ofCompId : LeftExtension f g
is also a Kan extension.
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If s ≅ t and IsKan (s.whisker h), then IsKan (t.whisker h).
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LeftExtension.ofIso preserves Kan extensions.
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The family of 2-morphisms out of an absolute left Kan extension.
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An absolute left Kan extension is a left Kan extension.
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Transport evidence that a left extension is a Kan extension across an isomorphism of extensions.
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- P.ofIsoAbsKan i h = (P h).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.LeftExtension.whiskerIso i h)
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LeftExtension.ofIso preserves absolute left Kan extensions.
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- H.ofIso ef eg h = ((H h).ofIso ef (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.whiskerRightIso eg h)).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.LeftExtension.whiskerOfIso ef eg t h)
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Given a left Kan extension t of g along f, a left extension u of g along f ≫ h
induces, via the universal property of t, a left extension of t.extension along h.
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Pasting of left extensions preserves being Kan.
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Given a left extension t of g along f and a left extension s of t along h, if t
and t.paste s are Kan, then so is s.
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Let t be a left Kan extension of g along f and s a left extension of t along h. Then
s is Kan if and only if t.paste s is Kan.
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Pasting of left extensions preserves being absolute Kan.
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Given a left extension t of g along f and a left extension s of t along h, if t
and t.paste s are absolute Kan, then so is s.
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- H.ofPaste Hp k = (H k).ofPaste ((Hp k).ofIsoKan (t.pasteWhiskerIso s k))
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Let t be an absolute left Kan extension of g along f and s a left extension of t along
h. Then s is absolute Kan if and only if t.paste s is absolute Kan.
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A left Kan lift of g along f is an initial object in LeftLift f g.
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An absolute left Kan lift is a Kan lift such that every 1-morphism commutes with it.
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To show that a left lift t is a Kan lift, we need to show that for every left lift s
there is a unique morphism t ⟶ s.
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The family of 2-morphisms out of a left Kan lift.
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Two 2-morphisms out of a left Kan lift are equal if their compositions with each triangle 2-morphism are equal.
Kan lifts on g along f are unique up to isomorphism.
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Transport evidence that a left lift is a Kan lift across an isomorphism of lifts.
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If t : LeftLift f (𝟙 c ≫ g) is a Kan lift, then t.ofIdComp : LeftLift f g is also
a Kan lift.
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LeftLift.ofIso preserves Kan lifts.
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The family of 2-morphisms out of an absolute left Kan lift.
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An absolute left Kan lift is a left Kan lift.
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Transport evidence that a left lift is a Kan lift across an isomorphism of lifts.
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- P.ofIsoAbsKan i h = (P h).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.LeftLift.whiskerIso i h)
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LeftLift.ofIso preserves absolute left Kan lifts.
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- H.ofIso ef eg h = ((H h).ofIso ef (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.whiskerLeftIso h eg)).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.LeftLift.whiskerOfIso ef eg t h)
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Given a left Kan lift t of g along f, a left lift u of g along h ≫ f induces,
via the universal property of t, a left lift of t.lift along h.
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Pasting of left lifts preserves being Kan.
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Given a left lift t of g along f and a left lift s of t along h, if t and
t.paste s are Kan, then so is s.
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Let t be a left Kan lift of g along f and s a left lift of t along h. Then s is
Kan if and only if t.paste s is Kan.
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Given a left lift t of g along f and a left lift s of t along h, if t and
t.paste s are absolute Kan, then so is s.
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- H.ofPaste Hp k = (H k).ofPaste ((Hp k).ofIsoKan (t.pasteWhiskerIso s k))
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Let t be an absolute left Kan lift of g along f and s a left lift of t along h. Then
s is absolute Kan if and only if t.paste s is absolute Kan.
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A right Kan extension of g along f is a terminal object in RightExtension f g.
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An absolute right Kan extension is a Kan extension that commutes with any 1-morphism.
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To show that a right extension t is a Kan extension, we need to show that for every right
extension s there is a unique morphism s ⟶ t.
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The family of 2-morphisms into a right Kan extension.
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Two 2-morphisms into a right Kan extension are equal if their compositions with each triangle 2-morphism are equal.
Kan extensions on g along f are unique up to isomorphism.
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Transport evidence that a right extension is a Kan extension across an isomorphism of extensions.
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If t : RightExtension f (g ≫ 𝟙 c) is a Kan extension, then t.ofCompId : RightExtension f g
is also a Kan extension.
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If s ≅ t and IsKan (s.whisker h), then IsKan (t.whisker h).
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RightExtension.ofIso preserves Kan extensions.
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The family of 2-morphisms into an absolute right Kan extension.
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An absolute right Kan extension is a right Kan extension.
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Transport evidence that a right extension is a Kan extension across an isomorphism of extensions.
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- P.ofIsoAbsKan i h = (P h).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.RightExtension.whiskerIso i h)
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RightExtension.ofIso preserves absolute right Kan extensions.
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- H.ofIso ef eg h = ((H h).ofIso ef (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.whiskerRightIso eg h)).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.RightExtension.whiskerOfIso ef eg t h)
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Given a right Kan extension t of g along f, a right extension u of g along f ≫ h
induces, via the universal property of t, a right extension of t.extension along h.
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Pasting of right extensions preserves being Kan.
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Given a right extension t of g along f and a right extension s of t along h, if t
and t.paste s are Kan, then so is s.
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Let t be a right Kan extension of g along f and s a right extension of t along h.
Then s is Kan if and only if t.paste s is Kan.
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Pasting of right extensions preserves being absolute Kan.
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Given a right extension t of g along f and a right extension s of t along h, if t
and t.paste s are absolute Kan, then so is s.
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- H.ofPaste Hp k = (H k).ofPaste ((Hp k).ofIsoKan (t.pasteWhiskerIso s k))
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Let t be an absolute right Kan extension of g along f and s a right extension of t
along h. Then s is absolute Kan if and only if t.paste s is absolute Kan.
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A right Kan lift of g along f is a terminal object in RightLift f g.
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An absolute right Kan lift is a Kan lift such that every 1-morphism commutes with it.
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To show that a right lift t is a Kan lift, we need to show that for every right lift s
there is a unique morphism s ⟶ t.
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The family of 2-morphisms into a right Kan lift.
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Two 2-morphisms into a right Kan lift are equal if their compositions with each triangle 2-morphism are equal.
Kan lifts on g along f are unique up to isomorphism.
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Transport evidence that a right lift is a Kan lift across an isomorphism of lifts.
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If t : RightLift f (𝟙 c ≫ g) is a Kan lift, then t.ofIdComp : RightLift f g is also
a Kan lift.
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RightLift.ofIso preserves Kan lifts.
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The family of 2-morphisms into an absolute right Kan lift.
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An absolute right Kan lift is a right Kan lift.
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Transport evidence that a right lift is a Kan lift across an isomorphism of lifts.
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- P.ofIsoAbsKan i h = (P h).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.RightLift.whiskerIso i h)
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RightLift.ofIso preserves absolute right Kan lifts.
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- H.ofIso ef eg h = ((H h).ofIso ef (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.whiskerLeftIso h eg)).ofIsoKan (CategoryTheory.Bicategory.RightLift.whiskerOfIso ef eg t h)
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Given a right Kan lift t of g along f, a right lift u of g along h ≫ f induces,
via the universal property of t, a right lift of t.lift along h.
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Pasting of right lifts preserves being Kan.
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Given a right lift t of g along f and a right lift s of t along h, if t and
t.paste s are Kan, then so is s.
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Let t be a right Kan lift of g along f and s a right lift of t along h. Then s is
Kan if and only if t.paste s is Kan.
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Given a right lift t of g along f and a right lift s of t along h, if t and
t.paste s are absolute Kan, then so is s.
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- H.ofPaste Hp k = (H k).ofPaste ((Hp k).ofIsoKan (t.pasteWhiskerIso s k))
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Let t be an absolute right Kan lift of g along f and s a right lift of t along h.
Then s is absolute Kan if and only if t.paste s is absolute Kan.