Constructions of new topological spaces from old ones #
This file constructs pi types, subtypes and quotients of topological spaces and sets up their basic theory, such as criteria for maps into or out of these constructions to be continuous; descriptions of the open sets, neighborhood filters, and generators of these constructions; and their behavior with respect to embeddings and other specific classes of maps.
Implementation note #
The constructed topologies are defined using induced and coinduced topologies
along with the complete lattice structure on topologies. Their universal properties
(for example, a map X → Y × Z
is continuous if and only if both projections
X → Y
, X → Z
are) follow easily using order-theoretic descriptions of
continuity. With more work we can also extract descriptions of the open sets,
neighborhood filters and so on.
Tags #
product, subspace, quotient space
Equations
Equations
- instTopologicalSpaceSigma = ⨆ (i : ι), TopologicalSpace.coinduced (Sigma.mk i) (t₂ i)
Equations
- Pi.topologicalSpace = ⨅ (i : ι), TopologicalSpace.induced (fun (f : (i : ι) → Y i) => f i) (t₂ i)
Additive
, Multiplicative
#
The topology on those type synonyms is inherited without change.
Equations
Equations
Order dual #
The topology on this type synonym is inherited without change.
Equations
The image of a dense set under Quotient.mk'
is a dense set.
The composition of Quotient.mk'
and a function with dense range has dense range.
A type synonym equipped with the topology whose open sets are the empty set and the sets with finite complements.
Equations
- CofiniteTopology X = X
Instances For
Equations
- CofiniteTopology.instInhabited = { default := CofiniteTopology.of default }
Equations
- CofiniteTopology.instTopologicalSpace = { IsOpen := fun (s : Set (CofiniteTopology X)) => s.Nonempty → sᶜ.Finite, isOpen_univ := ⋯, isOpen_inter := ⋯, isOpen_sUnion := ⋯ }
Alias of Topology.IsInducing.subtypeVal
.
Alias of Topology.IsInducing.of_codRestrict
.
Alias of Topology.IsEmbedding.subtypeVal
.
Alias of Topology.IsClosedEmbedding.subtypeVal
.
Alias of IsOpen.isOpenEmbedding_subtypeVal
.
Alias of IsClosed.isClosedEmbedding_subtypeVal
.
Alias of the reverse direction of continuousAt_codRestrict_iff
.
Alias of Topology.IsInducing.codRestrict
.
Alias of Topology.IsEmbedding.codRestrict
.
Alias of Topology.IsEmbedding.inclusion
.
Let s, t ⊆ X
be two subsets of a topological space X
. If t ⊆ s
and the topology induced
by X
on s
is discrete, then also the topology induces on t
is discrete.
Let s
be a discrete subset of a topological space. Then the preimage of s
by
a continuous injective map is also discrete.
If f : X → Y
is a quotient map,
then its restriction to the preimage of an open set is a quotient map too.
Alias of Topology.IsQuotientMap.restrictPreimage_isOpen
.
If f : X → Y
is a quotient map,
then its restriction to the preimage of an open set is a quotient map too.
Alias of isQuotientMap_quot_mk
.
Alias of isQuotientMap_quotient_mk'
.
Function.update f i x
is continuous in (f, x)
.
Pi.mulSingle i x
is continuous in x
.
Pi.single i x
is continuous in x
.
Alias of Filter.Tendsto.finInsertNth
.
Alias of ContinuousAt.finInsertNth
.
Alias of Continuous.finInsertNth
.
Suppose π i
is a family of topological spaces indexed by i : ι
, and X
is a type
endowed with a family of maps f i : X → π i
for every i : ι
, hence inducing a
map g : X → Π i, π i
. This lemma shows that infimum of the topologies on X
induced by
the f i
as i : ι
varies is simply the topology on X
induced by g : X → Π i, π i
where Π i, π i
is endowed with the usual product topology.
A finite product of discrete spaces is discrete.
Alias of Topology.IsOpenEmbedding.sigmaMk
.
Alias of Topology.IsOpenEmbedding.sigmaMk
.
Alias of Topology.IsClosedEmbedding.sigmaMk
.
Alias of Topology.IsClosedEmbedding.sigmaMk
.
Alias of Topology.IsEmbedding.sigmaMk
.
A map out of a sum type is continuous iff its restriction to each summand is.
A map out of a sum type is continuous if its restriction to each summand is.
A map defined on a sigma type (a.k.a. the disjoint union of an indexed family of topological
spaces) is inducing iff its restriction to each component is inducing and each the image of each
component under f
can be separated from the images of all other components by an open set.
Alias of Topology.isInducing_sigmaMap
.
Alias of Topology.isEmbedding_sigmaMap
.
Alias of Topology.isOpenEmbedding_sigmaMap
.
Alias of Topology.isOpenEmbedding_sigmaMap
.
Alias of continuous_uliftDown
.
Alias of continuous_uliftUp
.
Alias of Topology.IsEmbedding.uliftDown
.
Alias of Topology.IsClosedEmbedding.uliftDown
.
Alias of Topology.IsClosedEmbedding.uliftDown
.
The product of a neighborhood of s
and a neighborhood of t
is a neighborhood of s ×ˢ t
,
formulated in terms of a filter inequality.