Documentation

Mathlib.RingTheory.PrincipalIdealDomain

Principal ideal rings, principal ideal domains, and Bézout rings #

A principal ideal ring (PIR) is a ring in which all left ideals are principal. A principal ideal domain (PID) is an integral domain which is a principal ideal ring.

Main definitions #

Note that for principal ideal domains, one should use [IsDomain R] [IsPrincipalIdealRing R]. There is no explicit definition of a PID. Theorems about PID's are in the principal_ideal_ring namespace.

Main results #

instance bot_isPrincipal {R : Type u} {M : Type v} [Ring R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] :
.IsPrincipal
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instance top_isPrincipal {R : Type u} [Ring R] :
.IsPrincipal
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class IsBezout (R : Type u) [Ring R] :

A Bézout ring is a ring whose finitely generated ideals are principal.

Instances
    theorem IsBezout.isPrincipal_of_FG {R : Type u} [Ring R] [self : IsBezout R] (I : Ideal R) :

    Any finitely generated ideal is principal.

    @[instance 100]
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    @[instance 100]
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    noncomputable def Submodule.IsPrincipal.generator {R : Type u} {M : Type v} [AddCommGroup M] [Ring R] [Module R M] (S : Submodule R M) [S.IsPrincipal] :
    M

    generator I, if I is a principal submodule, is an x ∈ M such that span R {x} = I

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      @[simp]
      theorem Submodule.IsPrincipal.generator_mem {R : Type u} {M : Type v} [AddCommGroup M] [Ring R] [Module R M] (S : Submodule R M) [S.IsPrincipal] :
      theorem Submodule.IsPrincipal.mem_iff_eq_smul_generator {R : Type u} {M : Type v} [AddCommGroup M] [Ring R] [Module R M] (S : Submodule R M) [S.IsPrincipal] {x : M} :
      theorem Submodule.IsPrincipal.generator_map_dvd_of_mem {R : Type u} {M : Type v} [AddCommGroup M] [CommRing R] [Module R M] {N : Submodule R M} (ϕ : M →ₗ[R] R) [(Submodule.map ϕ N).IsPrincipal] {x : M} (hx : x N) :
      theorem Submodule.IsPrincipal.generator_submoduleImage_dvd_of_mem {R : Type u} {M : Type v} [AddCommGroup M] [CommRing R] [Module R M] {N : Submodule R M} {O : Submodule R M} (hNO : N O) (ϕ : O →ₗ[R] R) [(ϕ.submoduleImage N).IsPrincipal] {x : M} (hx : x N) :
      Submodule.IsPrincipal.generator (ϕ.submoduleImage N) ϕ x,
      instance IsBezout.span_pair_isPrincipal {R : Type u} [Ring R] [IsBezout R] (x : R) (y : R) :
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      noncomputable def IsBezout.gcd {R : Type u} [Ring R] (x : R) (y : R) [Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.span {x, y})] :
      R

      A choice of gcd of two elements in a Bézout domain.

      Note that the choice is usually not unique.

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        theorem IsBezout.span_gcd {R : Type u} [Ring R] (x : R) (y : R) [Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.span {x, y})] :
        theorem IsBezout.gcd_dvd_left {R : Type u} [CommRing R] (x : R) (y : R) [Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.span {x, y})] :
        theorem IsBezout.gcd_dvd_right {R : Type u} [CommRing R] (x : R) (y : R) [Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.span {x, y})] :
        theorem IsBezout.dvd_gcd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] {x : R} {y : R} {z : R} [Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.span {x, y})] (hx : z x) (hy : z y) :
        theorem IsBezout.gcd_eq_sum {R : Type u} [CommRing R] (x : R) (y : R) [Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.span {x, y})] :
        ∃ (a : R) (b : R), a * x + b * y = IsBezout.gcd x y
        theorem IsRelPrime.isCoprime {R : Type u} [CommRing R] {x : R} {y : R} [Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.span {x, y})] (h : IsRelPrime x y) :
        noncomputable def IsBezout.toGCDDomain (R : Type u) [CommRing R] [IsBezout R] [IsDomain R] [DecidableEq R] :

        Any Bézout domain is a GCD domain. This is not an instance since GCDMonoid contains data, and this might not be how we would like to construct it.

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          theorem IsPrime.to_maximal_ideal {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsPrincipalIdealRing R] {S : Ideal R} [hpi : S.IsPrime] (hS : S ) :
          S.IsMaximal
          theorem mod_mem_iff {R : Type u} [EuclideanDomain R] {S : Ideal R} {x : R} {y : R} (hy : y S) :
          x % y S x S
          @[instance 100]
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          @[instance 100]
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          @[deprecated irreducible_iff_prime]

          Alias of irreducible_iff_prime.

          noncomputable def PrincipalIdealRing.factors {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsPrincipalIdealRing R] (a : R) :

          factors a is a multiset of irreducible elements whose product is a, up to units

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            theorem PrincipalIdealRing.mem_submonoid_of_factors_subset_of_units_subset {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsPrincipalIdealRing R] (s : Submonoid R) {a : R} (ha : a 0) (hfac : bPrincipalIdealRing.factors a, b s) (hunit : ∀ (c : Rˣ), c s) :
            a s
            theorem PrincipalIdealRing.ringHom_mem_submonoid_of_factors_subset_of_units_subset {R : Type u_1} {S : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsPrincipalIdealRing R] [Semiring S] (f : R →+* S) (s : Submonoid S) (a : R) (ha : a 0) (h : bPrincipalIdealRing.factors a, f b s) (hf : ∀ (c : Rˣ), f c s) :
            f a s

            If a RingHom maps all units and all factors of an element a into a submonoid s, then it also maps a into that submonoid.

            @[instance 100]

            A principal ideal domain has unique factorization

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            theorem Submodule.IsPrincipal.of_comap {R : Type u} {M : Type v} {N : Type u_2} [Ring R] [AddCommGroup M] [AddCommGroup N] [Module R M] [Module R N] (f : M →ₗ[R] N) (hf : Function.Surjective f) (S : Submodule R N) [hI : (Submodule.comap f S).IsPrincipal] :
            S.IsPrincipal
            theorem Ideal.IsPrincipal.of_comap {R : Type u} {S : Type u_1} [Ring R] [Ring S] (f : R →+* S) (hf : Function.Surjective f) (I : Ideal S) [hI : Submodule.IsPrincipal (Ideal.comap f I)] :

            The surjective image of a principal ideal ring is again a principal ideal ring.

            theorem span_gcd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsBezout R] [GCDMonoid R] (x : R) (y : R) :
            Ideal.span {gcd x y} = Ideal.span {x, y}
            theorem gcd_dvd_iff_exists {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsBezout R] [GCDMonoid R] (a : R) (b : R) {z : R} :
            gcd a b z ∃ (x : R) (y : R), z = a * x + b * y
            theorem exists_gcd_eq_mul_add_mul {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsBezout R] [GCDMonoid R] (a : R) (b : R) :
            ∃ (x : R) (y : R), gcd a b = a * x + b * y

            Bézout's lemma

            theorem gcd_isUnit_iff {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsBezout R] [GCDMonoid R] (x : R) (y : R) :
            theorem isCoprime_of_dvd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsBezout R] (x : R) (y : R) (nonzero : ¬(x = 0 y = 0)) (H : znonunits R, z 0z x¬z y) :
            theorem dvd_or_coprime {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsBezout R] (x : R) (y : R) (h : Irreducible x) :
            x y IsCoprime x y
            theorem Prime.coprime_iff_not_dvd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsBezout R] {p : R} {n : R} (hp : Prime p) :
            theorem Irreducible.dvd_iff_not_coprime {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsBezout R] {p : R} {n : R} (hp : Irreducible p) :

            See also Irreducible.coprime_iff_not_dvd'.

            theorem Irreducible.coprime_pow_of_not_dvd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsBezout R] {p : R} {a : R} (m : ) (hp : Irreducible p) (h : ¬p a) :
            IsCoprime a (p ^ m)
            theorem Irreducible.coprime_or_dvd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsBezout R] {p : R} (hp : Irreducible p) (i : R) :
            IsCoprime p i p i
            theorem exists_associated_pow_of_mul_eq_pow' {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsBezout R] {a : R} {b : R} {c : R} (hab : IsCoprime a b) {k : } (h : a * b = c ^ k) :
            ∃ (d : R), Associated (d ^ k) a
            theorem exists_associated_pow_of_associated_pow_mul {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsBezout R] {a : R} {b : R} {c : R} (hab : IsCoprime a b) {k : } (h : Associated (c ^ k) (a * b)) :
            ∃ (d : R), Associated (d ^ k) a
            theorem isCoprime_of_irreducible_dvd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsPrincipalIdealRing R] {x : R} {y : R} (nonzero : ¬(x = 0 y = 0)) (H : ∀ (z : R), Irreducible zz x¬z y) :
            theorem isCoprime_of_prime_dvd {R : Type u} [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] [IsPrincipalIdealRing R] {x : R} {y : R} (nonzero : ¬(x = 0 y = 0)) (H : ∀ (z : R), Prime zz x¬z y) :
            def nonPrincipals (R : Type u) [CommRing R] :

            nonPrincipals R is the set of all ideals of R that are not principal ideals.

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              theorem nonPrincipals_zorn {R : Type u} [CommRing R] (c : Set (Ideal R)) (hs : c nonPrincipals R) (hchain : IsChain (fun (x x_1 : Ideal R) => x x_1) c) {K : Ideal R} (hKmem : K c) :
              InonPrincipals R, Jc, J I

              Any chain in the set of non-principal ideals has an upper bound which is non-principal. (Namely, the union of the chain is such an upper bound.)

              theorem IsPrincipalIdealRing.of_prime {R : Type u} [CommRing R] (H : ∀ (P : Ideal R), P.IsPrimeSubmodule.IsPrincipal P) :

              If all prime ideals in a commutative ring are principal, so are all other ideals.