Open immersions of schemes #
A morphism of Schemes is an open immersion if it is an open immersion as a morphism of LocallyRingedSpaces
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- ⋯ = ⋯
To show that a locally ringed space is a scheme, it suffices to show that it has a jointly surjective family of open immersions from affine schemes.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.LocallyRingedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.scheme X h = { toLocallyRingedSpace := X, local_affine := ⋯ }
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An open cover of X
consists of a family of open immersions into X
,
and for each x : X
an open immersion (indexed by f x
) that covers x
.
This is merely a coverage in the Zariski pretopology, and it would be optimal
if we could reuse the existing API about pretopologies, However, the definitions of sieves and
grothendieck topologies uses Prop
s, so that the actual open sets and immersions are hard to
obtain. Also, since such a coverage in the pretopology usually contains a proper class of
immersions, it is quite hard to glue them, reason about finite covers, etc.
- J : Type v
index set of an open cover of a scheme
X
- obj : self.J → AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme
the subschemes of an open cover
- map : (j : self.J) → self.obj j ⟶ X
the embedding of subschemes to
X
- f : ↑↑X.toPresheafedSpace → self.J
given a point of
x : X
,f x
is the index of the subscheme which containsx
the subschemes covers
X
- IsOpen : ∀ (x : self.J), AlgebraicGeometry.IsOpenImmersion (self.map x)
the embedding of subschemes are open immersions
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The affine cover of a scheme.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.instInhabitedOpenCover = { default := AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.affineCover X }
Given an open cover { Uᵢ }
of X
, and for each Uᵢ
an open cover, we may combine these
open covers to form an open cover of X
.
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An isomorphism X ⟶ Y
is an open cover of Y
.
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We construct an open cover from another, by providing the needed fields and showing that the provided fields are isomorphic with the original open cover.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.OpenCover.copy 𝒰 J obj map e₁ e₂✝ e₂ = { J := J, obj := obj, map := map, f := fun (x : ↑↑X.toPresheafedSpace) => e₁.symm (𝒰.f x), Covers := ⋯, IsOpen := ⋯ }
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The pushforward of an open cover along an isomorphism.
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Adding an open immersion into an open cover gives another open cover.
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
The basic open sets form an affine open cover of Spec R
.
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We may bind the basic open sets of an open affine cover to form an affine cover that is also a basis.
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The coordinate ring of a component in the affine_basis_cover
.
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Every open cover of a quasi-compact scheme can be refined into a finite subcover.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.instFintypeJFiniteSubcover 𝒰 = id inferInstance
If X ⟶ Y
is an open immersion, and Y
is a scheme, then so is X
.
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If X ⟶ Y
is an open immersion of PresheafedSpaces, and Y
is a Scheme, we can
upgrade it into a morphism of Schemes.
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- ⋯ = H
The restriction of a Scheme along an open embedding.
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The canonical map from the restriction to the subspace.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.ofRestrict X h = AlgebraicGeometry.LocallyRingedSpace.ofRestrict X.toLocallyRingedSpace h
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
An open immersion induces an isomorphism from the domain onto the image
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
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The universal property of open immersions:
For an open immersion f : X ⟶ Z
, given any morphism of schemes g : Y ⟶ Z
whose topological
image is contained in the image of f
, we can lift this morphism to a unique Y ⟶ X
that
commutes with these maps.
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Two open immersions with equal range are isomorphic.
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The functor opens X ⥤ opens Y
associated with an open immersion f : X ⟶ Y
.
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The isomorphism Γ(X, U) ⟶ Γ(Y, f(U))
induced by an open immersion f : X ⟶ Y
.
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The fg
argument is to avoid nasty stuff about dependent types.
The image of an open immersion as an open set.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Hom.opensRange f = { carrier := Set.range ⇑f.val.base, is_open' := ⋯ }
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Given an open cover on X
, we may pull them back along a morphism W ⟶ X
to obtain
an open cover of W
.
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Given an open cover on X
, we may pull them back along a morphism f : W ⟶ X
to obtain
an open cover of W
. This is similar to Scheme.OpenCover.pullbackCover
, but here we
take pullback (𝒰.map x) f
instead of pullback f (𝒰.map x)
.
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Given open covers { Uᵢ }
and { Uⱼ }
, we may form the open cover { Uᵢ ∩ Uⱼ }
.
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If U
is a family of open sets that covers X
, then X.restrict U
forms an X.open_cover
.
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An affine open cover of X
consists of a family of open immersions into X
from
spectra of rings.
- J : Type v
index set of an affine open cover of a scheme
X
- obj : self.J → CommRingCat
the ring associated to a component of an affine open cover
- map : (j : self.J) → AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Spec.obj (Opposite.op (self.obj j)) ⟶ X
the embedding of subschemes to
X
- f : ↑↑X.toPresheafedSpace → self.J
given a point of
x : X
,f x
is the index of the subscheme which containsx
the subschemes covers
X
- IsOpen : ∀ (x : self.J), AlgebraicGeometry.IsOpenImmersion (self.map x)
the embedding of subschemes are open immersions
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The open cover associated to an affine open cover.
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A choice of an affine open cover of a scheme.
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Given any open cover 𝓤
, this is an affine open cover which refines it.
The morphism in the category of open covers which proves that this is indeed a refinement, see
AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.OpenCover.fromAffineRefinement
.
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A morphism between open covers 𝓤 ⟶ 𝓥
indicates that 𝓤
is a refinement of 𝓥
.
Since open covers of schemes are indexed, the definition also involves a map on the
indexing types.
- idx : 𝓤.J → 𝓥.J
The map on indexing types associated to a morphism of open covers.
- app : (j : 𝓤.J) → 𝓤.obj j ⟶ 𝓥.obj (self.idx j)
The morphism between open subsets associated to a morphism of open covers.
- isOpen : ∀ (j : 𝓤.J), AlgebraicGeometry.IsOpenImmersion (self.app j)
- w : ∀ (j : 𝓤.J), CategoryTheory.CategoryStruct.comp (self.app j) (𝓥.map (self.idx j)) = 𝓤.map j
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The identity morphism in the category of open covers of a scheme.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.OpenCover.Hom.id 𝓤 = { idx := fun (j : 𝓤.J) => j, app := fun (j : 𝓤.J) => CategoryTheory.CategoryStruct.id (𝓤.obj j), isOpen := ⋯, w := ⋯ }
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The composition of two morphisms in the category of open covers of a scheme.
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- AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.OpenCover.category = CategoryTheory.Category.mk ⋯ ⋯ ⋯
Given any open cover 𝓤
, this is an affine open cover which refines it.
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