mathlib3 documentation

data.int.gcd

Extended GCD and divisibility over ℤ #

THIS FILE IS SYNCHRONIZED WITH MATHLIB4. Any changes to this file require a corresponding PR to mathlib4.

Main definitions #

Main statements #

Tags #

Bézout's lemma, Bezout's lemma

Extended Euclidean algorithm #

Helper function for the extended GCD algorithm (nat.xgcd).

Equations
@[simp]
theorem nat.xgcd_zero_left {s t : } {r' : } {s' t' : } :
0.xgcd_aux s t r' s' t' = (r', s', t')
theorem nat.xgcd_aux_rec {r : } {s t : } {r' : } {s' t' : } (h : 0 < r) :
r.xgcd_aux s t r' s' t' = (r' % r).xgcd_aux (s' - r' / r * s) (t' - r' / r * t) r s t
def nat.xgcd (x y : ) :

Use the extended GCD algorithm to generate the a and b values satisfying gcd x y = x * a + y * b.

Equations
def nat.gcd_a (x y : ) :

The extended GCD a value in the equation gcd x y = x * a + y * b.

Equations
def nat.gcd_b (x y : ) :

The extended GCD b value in the equation gcd x y = x * a + y * b.

Equations
@[simp]
theorem nat.gcd_a_zero_left {s : } :
0.gcd_a s = 0
@[simp]
theorem nat.gcd_b_zero_left {s : } :
0.gcd_b s = 1
@[simp]
theorem nat.gcd_a_zero_right {s : } (h : s 0) :
s.gcd_a 0 = 1
@[simp]
theorem nat.gcd_b_zero_right {s : } (h : s 0) :
s.gcd_b 0 = 0
@[simp]
theorem nat.xgcd_aux_fst (x y : ) (s t s' t' : ) :
(x.xgcd_aux s t y s' t').fst = x.gcd y
theorem nat.xgcd_aux_val (x y : ) :
x.xgcd_aux 1 0 y 0 1 = (x.gcd y, x.xgcd y)
theorem nat.xgcd_val (x y : ) :
x.xgcd y = (x.gcd_a y, x.gcd_b y)
theorem nat.xgcd_aux_P (x y : ) {r r' : } {s t s' t' : } :
P x y (r, s, t) P x y (r', s', t') P x y (r.xgcd_aux s t r' s' t')
theorem nat.gcd_eq_gcd_ab (x y : ) :
(x.gcd y) = x * x.gcd_a y + y * x.gcd_b y

Bézout's lemma: given x y : ℕ, gcd x y = x * a + y * b, where a = gcd_a x y and b = gcd_b x y are computed by the extended Euclidean algorithm.

theorem nat.exists_mul_mod_eq_gcd {k n : } (hk : n.gcd k < k) :
(m : ), n * m % k = n.gcd k
theorem nat.exists_mul_mod_eq_one_of_coprime {k n : } (hkn : n.coprime k) (hk : 1 < k) :
(m : ), n * m % k = 1

Divisibility over ℤ #

@[protected]
theorem int.coe_nat_gcd (m n : ) :
m.gcd n = m.gcd n

The extended GCD a value in the equation gcd x y = x * a + y * b.

Equations

The extended GCD b value in the equation gcd x y = x * a + y * b.

Equations
theorem int.gcd_eq_gcd_ab (x y : ) :
(x.gcd y) = x * x.gcd_a y + y * x.gcd_b y

Bézout's lemma

theorem int.nat_abs_div (a b : ) (H : b a) :
theorem int.dvd_of_mul_dvd_mul_left {i j k : } (k_non_zero : k 0) (H : k * i k * j) :
i j
theorem int.dvd_of_mul_dvd_mul_right {i j k : } (k_non_zero : k 0) (H : i * k j * k) :
i j
def int.lcm (i j : ) :

ℤ specific version of least common multiple.

Equations
theorem int.lcm_def (i j : ) :
@[protected]
theorem int.coe_nat_lcm (m n : ) :
m.lcm n = m.lcm n
theorem int.gcd_dvd_left (i j : ) :
(i.gcd j) i
theorem int.gcd_dvd_right (i j : ) :
(i.gcd j) j
theorem int.dvd_gcd {i j k : } (h1 : k i) (h2 : k j) :
k (i.gcd j)
theorem int.gcd_mul_lcm (i j : ) :
i.gcd j * i.lcm j = (i * j).nat_abs
theorem int.gcd_comm (i j : ) :
i.gcd j = j.gcd i
theorem int.gcd_assoc (i j k : ) :
(i.gcd j).gcd k = i.gcd (j.gcd k)
@[simp]
theorem int.gcd_self (i : ) :
i.gcd i = i.nat_abs
@[simp]
theorem int.gcd_zero_left (i : ) :
0.gcd i = i.nat_abs
@[simp]
theorem int.gcd_zero_right (i : ) :
i.gcd 0 = i.nat_abs
@[simp]
theorem int.gcd_one_left (i : ) :
1.gcd i = 1
@[simp]
theorem int.gcd_one_right (i : ) :
i.gcd 1 = 1
@[simp]
theorem int.gcd_neg_right {x y : } :
x.gcd (-y) = x.gcd y
@[simp]
theorem int.gcd_neg_left {x y : } :
(-x).gcd y = x.gcd y
theorem int.gcd_mul_left (i j k : ) :
(i * j).gcd (i * k) = i.nat_abs * j.gcd k
theorem int.gcd_mul_right (i j k : ) :
(i * j).gcd (k * j) = i.gcd k * j.nat_abs
theorem int.gcd_pos_of_ne_zero_left {i : } (j : ) (hi : i 0) :
0 < i.gcd j
theorem int.gcd_pos_of_ne_zero_right (i : ) {j : } (hj : j 0) :
0 < i.gcd j
theorem int.gcd_eq_zero_iff {i j : } :
i.gcd j = 0 i = 0 j = 0
theorem int.gcd_pos_iff {i j : } :
0 < i.gcd j i 0 j 0
theorem int.gcd_div {i j k : } (H1 : k i) (H2 : k j) :
(i / k).gcd (j / k) = i.gcd j / k.nat_abs
theorem int.gcd_div_gcd_div_gcd {i j : } (H : 0 < i.gcd j) :
(i / (i.gcd j)).gcd (j / (i.gcd j)) = 1
theorem int.gcd_dvd_gcd_of_dvd_left {i k : } (j : ) (H : i k) :
i.gcd j k.gcd j
theorem int.gcd_dvd_gcd_of_dvd_right {i k : } (j : ) (H : i k) :
j.gcd i j.gcd k
theorem int.gcd_dvd_gcd_mul_left (i j k : ) :
i.gcd j (k * i).gcd j
theorem int.gcd_dvd_gcd_mul_right (i j k : ) :
i.gcd j (i * k).gcd j
theorem int.gcd_dvd_gcd_mul_left_right (i j k : ) :
i.gcd j i.gcd (k * j)
theorem int.gcd_dvd_gcd_mul_right_right (i j k : ) :
i.gcd j i.gcd (j * k)
theorem int.gcd_eq_left {i j : } (H : i j) :
i.gcd j = i.nat_abs
theorem int.gcd_eq_right {i j : } (H : j i) :
i.gcd j = j.nat_abs
theorem int.ne_zero_of_gcd {x y : } (hc : x.gcd y 0) :
x 0 y 0
theorem int.exists_gcd_one {m n : } (H : 0 < m.gcd n) :
(m' n' : ), m'.gcd n' = 1 m = m' * (m.gcd n) n = n' * (m.gcd n)
theorem int.exists_gcd_one' {m n : } (H : 0 < m.gcd n) :
(g : ) (m' n' : ), 0 < g m'.gcd n' = 1 m = m' * g n = n' * g
theorem int.pow_dvd_pow_iff {m n : } {k : } (k0 : 0 < k) :
m ^ k n ^ k m n
theorem int.gcd_dvd_iff {a b : } {n : } :
a.gcd b n (x y : ), n = a * x + b * y
theorem int.gcd_greatest {a b d : } (hd_pos : 0 d) (hda : d a) (hdb : d b) (hd : (e : ), e a e b e d) :
d = (a.gcd b)
theorem int.dvd_of_dvd_mul_left_of_gcd_one {a b c : } (habc : a b * c) (hab : a.gcd c = 1) :
a b

Euclid's lemma: if a ∣ b * c and gcd a c = 1 then a ∣ b. Compare with is_coprime.dvd_of_dvd_mul_left and unique_factorization_monoid.dvd_of_dvd_mul_left_of_no_prime_factors

theorem int.dvd_of_dvd_mul_right_of_gcd_one {a b c : } (habc : a b * c) (hab : a.gcd b = 1) :
a c

Euclid's lemma: if a ∣ b * c and gcd a b = 1 then a ∣ c. Compare with is_coprime.dvd_of_dvd_mul_right and unique_factorization_monoid.dvd_of_dvd_mul_right_of_no_prime_factors

theorem int.gcd_least_linear {a b : } (ha : a 0) :
is_least {n : | 0 < n (x y : ), n = a * x + b * y} (a.gcd b)

For nonzero integers a and b, gcd a b is the smallest positive natural number that can be written in the form a * x + b * y for some pair of integers x and y

lcm #

theorem int.lcm_comm (i j : ) :
i.lcm j = j.lcm i
theorem int.lcm_assoc (i j k : ) :
(i.lcm j).lcm k = i.lcm (j.lcm k)
@[simp]
theorem int.lcm_zero_left (i : ) :
0.lcm i = 0
@[simp]
theorem int.lcm_zero_right (i : ) :
i.lcm 0 = 0
@[simp]
theorem int.lcm_one_left (i : ) :
1.lcm i = i.nat_abs
@[simp]
theorem int.lcm_one_right (i : ) :
i.lcm 1 = i.nat_abs
@[simp]
theorem int.lcm_self (i : ) :
i.lcm i = i.nat_abs
theorem int.dvd_lcm_left (i j : ) :
i (i.lcm j)
theorem int.dvd_lcm_right (i j : ) :
j (i.lcm j)
theorem int.lcm_dvd {i j k : } :
i k j k (i.lcm j) k
theorem pow_gcd_eq_one {M : Type u_1} [monoid M] (x : M) {m n : } (hm : x ^ m = 1) (hn : x ^ n = 1) :
x ^ m.gcd n = 1
theorem gcd_nsmul_eq_zero {M : Type u_1} [add_monoid M] (x : M) {m n : } (hm : m x = 0) (hn : n x = 0) :
m.gcd n x = 0

GCD prover #

theorem tactic.norm_num.int_gcd_helper' {d : } {x y a b : } (h₁ : d x) (h₂ : d y) (h₃ : x * a + y * b = d) :
x.gcd y = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_gcd_helper_dvd_left (x y a : ) (h : x * a = y) :
x.gcd y = x
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_gcd_helper_dvd_right (x y a : ) (h : y * a = x) :
x.gcd y = y
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_gcd_helper_2 (d x y a b u v tx ty : ) (hu : d * u = x) (hv : d * v = y) (hx : x * a = tx) (hy : y * b = ty) (h : ty + d = tx) :
x.gcd y = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_gcd_helper_1 (d x y a b u v tx ty : ) (hu : d * u = x) (hv : d * v = y) (hx : x * a = tx) (hy : y * b = ty) (h : tx + d = ty) :
x.gcd y = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_lcm_helper (x y d m n : ) (hd : x.gcd y = d) (d0 : 0 < d) (xy : x * y = n) (dm : d * m = n) :
x.lcm y = m
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_coprime_helper_1 (x y a b tx ty : ) (hx : x * a = tx) (hy : y * b = ty) (h : tx + 1 = ty) :
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_coprime_helper_2 (x y a b tx ty : ) (hx : x * a = tx) (hy : y * b = ty) (h : ty + 1 = tx) :
theorem tactic.norm_num.nat_not_coprime_helper (d x y u v : ) (hu : d * u = x) (hv : d * v = y) (h : 1 < d) :
theorem tactic.norm_num.int_gcd_helper (x y : ) (nx ny d : ) (hx : nx = x) (hy : ny = y) (h : nx.gcd ny = d) :
x.gcd y = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.int_gcd_helper_neg_left (x y : ) (d : ) (h : x.gcd y = d) :
(-x).gcd y = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.int_gcd_helper_neg_right (x y : ) (d : ) (h : x.gcd y = d) :
x.gcd (-y) = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.int_lcm_helper (x y : ) (nx ny d : ) (hx : nx = x) (hy : ny = y) (h : nx.lcm ny = d) :
x.lcm y = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.int_lcm_helper_neg_left (x y : ) (d : ) (h : x.lcm y = d) :
(-x).lcm y = d
theorem tactic.norm_num.int_lcm_helper_neg_right (x y : ) (d : ) (h : x.lcm y = d) :
x.lcm (-y) = d

Evaluates the gcd, lcm, and coprime functions.