mathlib3 documentation

logic.function.iterate

Iterations of a function #

THIS FILE IS SYNCHRONIZED WITH MATHLIB4. Any changes to this file require a corresponding PR to mathlib4.

In this file we prove simple properties of nat.iterate f n a.k.a. f^[n]:

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@[simp]
theorem function.iterate_zero {α : Type u} (f : α → α) :
f^[0] = id
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theorem function.iterate_zero_apply {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (x : α) :
f^[0] x = x
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@[simp]
theorem function.iterate_succ {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (n : ℕ) :
f^[n.succ] = f^[n] ∘ f
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theorem function.iterate_succ_apply {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (n : ℕ) (x : α) :
f^[n.succ] x = f^[n] (f x)
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@[simp]
theorem function.iterate_id {α : Type u} (n : ℕ) :
id^[n] = id
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theorem function.iterate_add {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (m n : ℕ) :
f^[m + n] = f^[m] ∘ (f^[n])
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theorem function.iterate_add_apply {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (m n : ℕ) (x : α) :
f^[m + n] x = f^[m] (f^[n] x)
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@[simp]
theorem function.iterate_one {α : Type u} (f : α → α) :
f^[1] = f
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theorem function.iterate_mul {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (m n : ℕ) :
f^[m * n] = (f^[m]^[n])
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theorem function.iterate_fixed {α : Type u} {f : α → α} {x : α} (h : f x = x) (n : ℕ) :
f^[n] x = x
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theorem function.injective.iterate {α : Type u} {f : α → α} (Hinj : function.injective f) (n : ℕ) :
function.injective f^[n]
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theorem function.surjective.iterate {α : Type u} {f : α → α} (Hsurj : function.surjective f) (n : ℕ) :
function.surjective f^[n]
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theorem function.bijective.iterate {α : Type u} {f : α → α} (Hbij : function.bijective f) (n : ℕ) :
function.bijective f^[n]
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theorem function.semiconj.iterate_right {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {f : α → β} {ga : α → α} {gb : β → β} (h : function.semiconj f ga gb) (n : ℕ) :
function.semiconj f ga^[n] gb^[n]
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theorem function.semiconj.iterate_left {α : Type u} {f : α → α} {g : ℕ → α → α} (H : ∀ (n : ℕ), function.semiconj f (g n) (g (n + 1))) (n k : ℕ) :
function.semiconj f^[n] (g k) (g (n + k))
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theorem function.commute.iterate_right {α : Type u} {f g : α → α} (h : function.commute f g) (n : ℕ) :
function.commute f g^[n]
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theorem function.commute.iterate_left {α : Type u} {f g : α → α} (h : function.commute f g) (n : ℕ) :
function.commute f^[n] g
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theorem function.commute.iterate_iterate {α : Type u} {f g : α → α} (h : function.commute f g) (m n : ℕ) :
function.commute f^[m] g^[n]
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theorem function.commute.iterate_eq_of_map_eq {α : Type u} {f g : α → α} (h : function.commute f g) (n : ℕ) {x : α} (hx : f x = g x) :
f^[n] x = g^[n] x
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theorem function.commute.comp_iterate {α : Type u} {f g : α → α} (h : function.commute f g) (n : ℕ) :
f ∘ g^[n] = f^[n] ∘ (g^[n])
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theorem function.commute.iterate_self {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (n : ℕ) :
function.commute f^[n] f
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theorem function.commute.self_iterate {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (n : ℕ) :
function.commute f f^[n]
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theorem function.commute.iterate_iterate_self {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (m n : ℕ) :
function.commute f^[m] f^[n]
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theorem function.semiconj₂.iterate {α : Type u} {f : α → α} {op : α → α → α} (hf : function.semiconj₂ f op op) (n : ℕ) :
function.semiconj₂ f^[n] op op
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theorem function.iterate_succ' {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (n : ℕ) :
f^[n.succ] = f ∘ (f^[n])
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theorem function.iterate_succ_apply' {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (n : ℕ) (x : α) :
f^[n.succ] x = f (f^[n] x)
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theorem function.iterate_pred_comp_of_pos {α : Type u} (f : α → α) {n : ℕ} (hn : 0 < n) :
f^[n.pred] ∘ f = (f^[n])
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theorem function.comp_iterate_pred_of_pos {α : Type u} (f : α → α) {n : ℕ} (hn : 0 < n) :
f ∘ (f^[n.pred]) = (f^[n])
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def function.iterate.rec {α : Type u} (p : α → Sort u_1) {f : α → α} (h : Π (a : α), p a → p (f a)) {a : α} (ha : p a) (n : ℕ) :
p (f^[n] a)

A recursor for the iterate of a function.

Equations
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theorem function.iterate.rec_zero {α : Type u} (p : α → Sort u_1) {f : α → α} (h : Π (a : α), p a → p (f a)) {a : α} (ha : p a) :
function.iterate.rec p h ha 0 = ha
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theorem function.left_inverse.iterate {α : Type u} {f g : α → α} (hg : function.left_inverse g f) (n : ℕ) :
function.left_inverse g^[n] f^[n]
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theorem function.right_inverse.iterate {α : Type u} {f g : α → α} (hg : function.right_inverse g f) (n : ℕ) :
function.right_inverse g^[n] f^[n]
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theorem function.iterate_comm {α : Type u} (f : α → α) (m n : ℕ) :
f^[n]^[m] = (f^[m]^[n])
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theorem function.iterate_commute {α : Type u} (m n : ℕ) :
function.commute (λ (f : α → α), f^[m]) (λ (f : α → α), f^[n])
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theorem function.iterate_add_eq_iterate {α : Type u} {f : α → α} {m n : ℕ} {a : α} (hf : function.injective f) :
f^[m + n] a = f^[n] a ↔ f^[m] a = a
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theorem function.iterate_cancel_of_add {α : Type u} {f : α → α} {m n : ℕ} {a : α} (hf : function.injective f) :
f^[m + n] a = f^[n] a → f^[m] a = a

Alias of the forward direction of function.iterate_add_eq_iterate.

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theorem function.iterate_cancel {α : Type u} {f : α → α} {m n : ℕ} {a : α} (hf : function.injective f) (ha : f^[m] a = f^[n] a) :
f^[m - n] a = a
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theorem list.foldl_const {α : Type u} {β : Type v} (f : α → α) (a : α) (l : list β) :
list.foldl (λ (b : α) (_x : β), f b) a l = f^[l.length] a
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theorem list.foldr_const {α : Type u} {β : Type v} (f : β → β) (b : β) (l : list α) :
list.foldr (λ (_x : α), f) b l = f^[l.length] b